This paper was designed to assess vulnerability to climate change of farm household of major horticultural crops in arid province of Balochistan. A comprehensive field survey was conducted for faceto-face interview from 200 farming households in district Mastung. To assess livelihood vulnerability of the farm household, a Climate Vulnerability Index for Arid Environment (CVIAE) was developed. This index is particularly used to assess the vulnerability level of spatial units to climate change in the context of human dimension. The CVIAE is also a useful tool in assessing the vulnerability of drought-hit regions of Balochistan in specific and in other arid to semi-arid regions in general, with consideration of significant indicators according to the context and area. The results of indices elucidate that the study area is more vulnerable in agriculture, water, health and livelihood major-components. It is plausible to enrich the knowledge of farming community by timely communicating effective early warning system, drought forecasting through district agriculture and extension directorate. These initiatives enable farmers to adjust planting and to avoid further depletion of already scared water resources for irrigation in the study area. Attention on resistant varieties and new crops suited to agro-climatic circumstances and variation of farm and livelihoods is desired.